Amazon (SAP-C01) Exam Questions And Answers page 60

The CR1 instances are part of the memory optimized instances. They offer lowest cost per GB RAM among all the AWS instance families. CR1 instances are part of the new generation of memory optimized instances, which can offer up to 244 GB RAM and run on faster CPUs (Intel Xeon E5-2670 with NUMA support) in comparison to the M2 instances of the same family. They support cluster networking for bandwidth intensive applications. cr1.8xlarge is one of the largest instance types of the CR1 family, which can offer 244 GB RAM.

The Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) allows the user to define a virtual networking environment in a private, isolated section of the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud. The user has complete control over the virtual networking environment. Within this virtual private cloud, the user can launch AWS resources, such as an ELB, and EC2 instances.
There are two ELBs available with VPC: internet facing and internal (private) ELB. For internal servers, such as App servers the organization can create an internal load balancer in their VPC and then place back-end application instances behind the internal load balancer. The internal load balancer will route requests to the back-end application instances, which are also using private IP addresses and only accept requests from the internal load balancer.

Currently the STS API command GetSessionToken is available to every IAM user in your account without previous permission. In contrast, the GetFederationToken command is restricted and explicit permissions need to be granted so a user can issue calls to this particular Action.

When you use Auto Scaling, your applications gain better fault tolerance. Auto Scaling can detect when an instance is unhealthy, terminate it, and launch an instance to replace it. You can also configure Auto Scaling to use multiple Availability Zones. If one Availability Zone becomes unavailable, Auto Scaling can launch instances in another one to compensate.

An AWS Direct Connect location provides access to AWS in the region it is associated with. You can establish connections with AWS Direct Connect locations in multiple regions, but a connection in one region does not provide connectivity to other regions. Note: If the cross connect is not completed within 90 days, the authority granted by the LOA-CFA expires.

A task runner is an application that polls AWS Data Pipeline for tasks and then performs those tasks. You can either use Task Runner as provided by AWS Data Pipeline, or create a custom Task Runner application.
Task Runner is a default implementation of a task runner that is provided by AWS Data Pipeline. When Task Runner is installed and configured, it polls AWS Data Pipeline for tasks associated with pipelines that you have activated. When a task is assigned to Task Runner, it performs that task and reports its status back to AWS Data Pipeline. If your workflow requires non-default behavior, you'll need to implement that functionality in a custom task runner.

The Sid (statement ID) is an optional identifier that you provide for the policy statement. You can assign a Sid a value to each statement in a statement array. In IAM, the Sid is not exposed in the IAM API. You can't retrieve a particular statement based on this ID.

Using IAM roles to grant permissions to applications that run on EC2 instances requires a bit of extra configuration. Because role credentials are temporary and rotated automatically, you don't have to manage credentials, and you don't have to worry about long-term security risks.

If a single condition within an IAM policy includes multiple values for one key, it will be evaluated using a logical OR.